Solo International Collaboration and Publication of Social Sciences and Humanities

The Intimate Archive: Gender, Memory, and Agency in Partition Narratives

Mahnoor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal Sarfraz, Muhammad Rehan Sabir, Alwy Ahmed Mohamed — Fri, 10 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to criticize the historical narrative of the 1947 Partition of India that focuses too much on political and state aspects and ignores women's personal experiences. In addition, the concept of intimate archive was introduced to understand how women build meaning in life after violence. Theoretical framework: Approaches used include Feminist Historiography, Trauma Theory, and Critical Archive Studies to show that archives and testimonies are not objective, but rather the result of constructions influenced by power relations and individual experiences. Literature review: Previous literature has tended to focus on macro aspects such as politics and conflict. Instead, this study highlights the work of Saadat Hasan Manto and Amrita Pritam as well as feminist oral histories that describe women's experiences in a more personal and profound way. Methods: The method used is qualitative through close reading of literary works and oral history analysis to explore hidden meanings in women's experiences. Results: Three forms of intimate archive were found, namely meaning in objects, memories in the body, and the use of silence as a strategy. These findings show that women have an active role in shaping identity and meaning in life. Implications: The findings of the study expand the perspective of archives, not only as official data but also as representations of personal experiences. The concept of an intimate archive can also be applied to other studies that address marginalized experiences. Novelty: Novelty lies in the concept of an intimate archive that views testimony as an active process in building meaning, not just a record of experience.

Representing Sexual Violence in Indonesian Cinema: A Semiotic Analysis of Woman from the Rote Island

Tania Salsabela, Hetty Catur Ellyawati — Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to critically examine how the representation of sexual violence against women is constructed in the film Woman from the Rote Island through the analysis of denotative, connotative, and mythological meanings. The main focus is to reveal the social messages, ideologies, and positions of women in patriarchal power relations represented by cinema. Thus, the research is directed to assess the role of film as a medium of social criticism and shaping public awareness. Theoretical framework: This study uses Roland Barthes' semiotic theory, which emphasizes the meaning of denotation, connotation, and myth. This framework is used to read signs and symbols in movies. With this approach, patriarchal ideology can be critically analyzed. Literature review: A literature review discusses research on women's representation and sexual violence in film media. Previous studies have shown that movies can reinforce or challenge patriarchal values. This literature became the basis for placing film as part of social discourse. Methods: The method used is qualitative descriptive with semiotic analysis. Data is obtained from scenes, dialogue, and visual symbols in the film. The analysis was carried out by relating the findings to three levels of Barthes' meaning. Results: The results of the study show that films represent women as victims of physical, psychological, and social violence, as well as subjects who have courage and moral strength. On a connotative and mythological level, the film deconstructs the myth of women's honor shaped by patriarchy. The film's narrative emphasizes that sexual violence is a violation of humanity, not a disgrace to the victim. Implications: This study shows that film can be a medium of education and social criticism. These findings encourage the use of cinema to increase empathy and awareness about women's rights. Another implication is the strengthening of the discourse on gender equality in the public space. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the use of Barthes' semiotics to read the issue of sexual violence in Indonesian films. The study emphasizes women not only as victims, but also as agents of symbolic resistance. Thus, film is understood as a tool for cultural change.

The Dynamics of Movement-Based Party Regeneration Strategies: A Comparative Study of PKS and the Gelora Party in Depok City

Umar Maulana Hasbi, Suryani, Arrijal Abdul Malik Akbar — Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: The study analyses and compares the dynamics of the regeneration strategy of movement-based political parties by taking a case study of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) and the Indonesian People's Wave Party (Gelora Party) in Depok City. The main focus of this research is to examine the design, practice, and implications of cadre regeneration on the consolidation of party organizations at the local level Theoretical framework: The analysis of this research relies on the theory of party institutionalization and the theory of cadre parties developed by Panebianco and Mainwaring, as well as the concept of political socialization to read the process of internalizing the values and ideology of cadres. Literature review: Previous studies have shown that regeneration is a key element in maintaining the identity, discipline, and sustainability of political parties, especially those born from ideological bases or social movements. The latest literature emphasises the difference between an institutionalised model of regeneration and a community-based adaptive model of recruitment. This study adapts and expands on these findings by placing them in a local empirical context. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with the regeneration elite of PKS and the Gelora Party in Depok City, as well as documentation in the form of AD ART, cadre curriculum, and organisational reports. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and systematic conclusion drawn. Results: The findings of the study show that PKS implements a tiered, structured, and sustainable cadre system with an emphasis on ideological coaching, loyalty, and organisational discipline, so as to be able to maintain the stability and solidity of the party. In contrast, the Gelora Party has developed a more flexible and community-based regeneration with a focus on developing leadership capacity and social networks, but has not been supported by a strong level of institutionalisation. Implications: The results of the study confirm that institutionalised regeneration contributes significantly to the resilience of the organisation and the consolidation of the party at the local level. Novelty: This study offers a comparative analysis based on local contexts that highlights how differences in the depth of institutionalisation of cadre regeneration affect the sustainability of movement-based parties.

Gender Equality in Islam: Integration of Qur'anic Values, Education, and Cultural Transformation

Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study explores gender equality in Islam, emphasizing equal status for men and women as servants of Allah, challenging misconceptions about gender roles, and promoting equality based on faith and deeds, not biological differences. Theoretical framework: The study critiques gender-based disparities, arguing that Islam promotes equality based on personal qualities like faith and piety, rather than gender, and challenges cultural constructs that reinforce inequality. Literature review: The review highlights Qur’anic verses and research on gender differences in psychology, academics, and leadership, showing that these distinctions are relative and should not justify inequality. Methods: A qualitative approach is used to analyze Qur’anic verses and existing research on gender roles in Islam, comparing religious teachings with contemporary gender equality discussions. Results: The study finds that Islam promotes gender equality, with men and women valued equally, and that cultural misinterpretations, not religious teachings, perpetuate gender inequality. Implications: Promoting gender equality requires cultural reform and education, encouraging policies that align with Islamic teachings to ensure equal opportunities for all. Novelty: This research challenges misinterpretations of gender roles in Islam and highlights how Islamic teachings align with modern gender equality principles, contributing to the discourse on gender equality in Muslim societies.

The Axiological Dimension of Qur’anic Education: An Ethical and Spiritual Foundation for Global Pedagogy

Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to explore the role of Qur’anic education in shaping a humanistic and integrative global pedagogy. It focuses on the integration of values such as morality (akhlaq), social ethics (mu‘amalat), and spirituality (ma‘rifah) as ethical and spiritual foundations for education in the modern world. Theoretical framework: Using a comparative-hermeneutic approach, the study compares Qur’anic values with Max Scheler’s theory of a priori value hierarchy and Emmanuel Levinas’s ethics of alterity. The focus is on how these values intersect and differ in their educational implications. Literature review: The literature review addresses the crisis of values in contemporary education, particularly the dehumanization and loss of transcendental orientation. It also reviews the role of spirituality and ethics in pedagogy, and examines the relevance of Qur’anic teachings alongside Western ethical philosophies by Scheler and Levinas. Methods: A comparative-hermeneutic analysis is conducted, comparing the Qur’anic value system centered around tawhid with Scheler’s spiritual and sacred values and Levinas’s ethics of responsibility toward the Other. This method highlights the convergences and divergences in their educational applications. Results: The findings reveal that the Qur’anic value hierarchy aligns with Scheler’s and Levinas’s concepts of spirituality and ethical responsibility. The key difference lies in the sources of these values: divine revelation in the Qur’an, phenomenological intuition in Scheler, and ethical experience in Levinas. Implications: The study underscores the importance of integrating the axiological dimension of the Qur’an into educational curricula, fostering an approach that is just, dialogical, and globally oriented. This can contribute to the formation of the complete human being (insan kamil) and a more holistic educational process. Novelty: This research offers a unique comparative analysis of Qur’anic values with Western philosophical ethics, proposing a new educational paradigm that incorporates spirituality, morality, and humanity as central elements in global pedagogy.

Negotiating Meaning and Sensitivity: Translating Awliya, Jihad, and Kafir in the Indonesian Qur’an Translation by the Ministry of Religious Affairs

Trisno Susilo, Riza Tamami, Moh Abdul Kholiq Hasan — Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This article aims to analyze the dynamics of the translation of the terms awliya, jihad, and kafir in the 2002 and 2019 editions of the Ministry of Religion's Al-Quran Translation. This study highlights the changing meaning and strategy of translation in response to Indonesia's social and political context. The main focus is directed at the theological and social implications of the choice of translation diction. Theoretical framework: This study uses Quranic semantics, contextual interpretation, and Qur'anic translation theory as an analytical framework. Quranic semantics maps the field of meaning of terms, contextual interpretation emphasizes historical and contemporary contexts, while translation theory assesses the strategy of translation of meaning. All three are used integratively to read the relationship between text and context. Literature review: Previous studies of the translation of the Qur'an in Indonesia have generally dealt with linguistic or historical aspects separately. Comparative studies across editions of official translations with a focus on sensitive terms are still limited. This article fills this gap by systematically linking linguistic analysis, interpretation, and social dynamics. Methods: This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature studies. The data was analyzed through searching for verses containing the terms awliya, jihad, and kafir in the 2002 and 2019 editions of the translation. The analysis was carried out using semantic approaches, contextual interpretation, and translation theory. Results: There is a shift in translation from a literal approach to a contextual and moderate approach. The term awliya is interpreted more relationally, jihad is contextually explained to prevent violence, and kafir is recontextualized to "disobedient" or "kufr". These changes reflect the response to Indonesia's social sensitivities. Implications: Theoretically, these findings confirm the translation of the Qur'an as a dynamic and contextual practice of interpretation. In practical terms, this study supports the development of more accurate and moderate translations. Another implication is the strengthening of religious moderation and harmonization between religious communities. Novelty: The novelty of this article lies in a comparative analysis across the official translation editions of the Ministry of Religion. The focus on three sensitive Quranic terms, combined with Indonesia's socio-political context. Integrative approaches to semantics, interpretation, and translation are the main methodological contributions.

Numerical Analysis of Hydrodynamic Resistance of a Joubert BB2-Type Submarine

Abiyyu Nafis Edfian — Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic resistance characteristics of submarine hull designs suitable for Indonesia’s complex maritime environment, which includes shallow waters, strong currents, and deep-sea conditions. Minimizing resistance is essential to enhance operational efficiency, energy consumption, and maneuverability of submarines operating in such diverse waters. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this research is grounded in naval hydrodynamics and resistance theory, particularly focusing on viscous and pressure resistance components acting on submerged bodies. The study also adopts the Theory of Change approach in naval design, emphasizing that optimized hull geometry leads to improved performance and operational effectiveness. Literature review: The literature review indicates that previous studies on submarine resistance have primarily focused on standard hull forms under idealized conditions, with limited attention to region-specific operational environments such as Indonesian waters. Comparative analyses of hull types such as teardrop, Joubert BB2, and ALFA class have been conducted, but systematic numerical evaluations under consistent submerged conditions remain limited. Methods: This research employs a quantitative numerical approach using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Simulations were conducted on three submarine hull types: teardrop hull, Joubert BB2, and ALFA class under submerged operating conditions at a constant speed of 10 knots. The CFD model analyzes total hydrodynamic resistance by resolving fluid flow behavior around each hull geometry, allowing for a detailed comparison of resistance performance. Results: The results reveal that the teardrop hull exhibits the lowest total resistance compared to the Joubert BB2 and ALFA class designs at the specified operational speed and submerged condition. This finding indicates superior hydrodynamic efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced maneuverability, making the teardrop hull particularly suitable for submarine operations in Indonesian waters. Implications: The implications of this study are both practical and strategic. Practically, the findings guide the selection of submarine hull designs that optimize operational efficiency and stability. Strategically, the results support future submarine development tailored to Indonesia’s maritime characteristics. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in its comparative numerical analysis of multiple submarine hull types under a uniform submerged condition, specifically contextualized to Indonesian waters, offering design insights that bridge numerical simulation and operational needs. Future studies are recommended to validate these findings through experimental towing tank tests.

Teachers as Strategic Agents in Multicultural Education at Vocational High Schools: An Analysis of Practice at SMKN 1 Talamau

Refinal, Ismaiza Busti, Julhadi, Muhammad Youssef Al Deek — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Analyze the strategic role of teachers in the implementation of multicultural education in vocational schools with a focus on SMKN 1 Talamau. The study highlights the role of teachers in the formation of the inclusive character and social competence of students. The results are directed at the formulation of contextual recommendations for the role of teachers. Theoretical framework: This research is based on the concept of multicultural education that emphasizes the management of diversity in learning. Teachers are positioned as strategic actors in building critical cultural awareness. Multicultural education is understood as part of the formation of character and work readiness of vocational school students. Literature review: The study of multicultural education is still dominated by the context of general and urban education. Studies on the role of teachers in vocational schools and regional schools are still limited. In addition, the role of teachers is generally studied descriptively and not yet strategically. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach with an analytical descriptive design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies at SMKN 1 Talamau. Data analysis is carried out thematically by ensuring validity through triangulation. Results: The results of the study show that the role of teachers as role models, facilitators, innovators, mediators, and reflective evaluators is the main pillar of multicultural education. Effective implementation occurs when multicultural values are integrated into the curriculum, learning, and school culture. This role contributes to strengthening students' inclusive character and social competence. Implications: The development of multicultural education in vocational schools requires the support of school policies, teacher competency improvement, and government regulations. The sustainability of implementation depends on cross-stakeholder collaboration. The sustainability of implementation depends on cross-stakeholder collaboration. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of the strategic and multidimensional role of teachers in the context of regional vocational schools. This study integrates multicultural education with vocational education as well as the needs of the world of work through contextual and adaptive conceptual models.

Multicultural Equality and Justice in Education: Implications for Character Education

Ronaldi, Zulpandri, Mahyudin Ritonga, Julhadi, Umar Alhaji Umar — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This article aims to analyze the concept of multicultural equality and justice in education, particularly from the perspective of Islamic education, as well as explain its implications for the formation of character education in a multicultural society. Theoretical framework: This research is based on the theory of multicultural education (Banks and Nieto), the theory of social and distributive justice, and the value of Islamic education that emphasizes al-'adl (justice) and al-musāwah (equality). Literature review: The literature review examines studies on multicultural education, social justice, and Islamic education, and shows that there is still limited research that integrates multicultural equality and justice within the framework of Islamic education. Methods: The research uses a qualitative approach through a literature study of books, journal articles, and education policy documents, with content analysis and conceptual synthesis. Results: The results of the study show that equality in Islamic education is interpreted as recognition of equal human dignity, while justice is understood as the provision of rights and opportunities for learning proportionally. The integration of these two principles in multicultural education contributes significantly to the formation of the character of students who are tolerant, fair, and responsible. Implications: Theoretically, this study enriches the study of Islamic-based multicultural education; practically, it becomes the basis for the development of an equity- and justice-oriented curriculum, learning, and school culture. Novelty: The novelty of the research lies in the systematic integration of the concept of multicultural equality and justice with character education from the perspective of Islamic education.

Transformation of Indonesian Presidential Candidates’ Political Communication on TikTok in the 2024 Election

Salsabila Nirwana, Nana Abdul Aziz, Njoku Ifeanyi Daniel — Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study analyses the transformation of the digital campaign strategy of Indonesian presidential candidates in the 2024 election by focusing on the shift in the political communication arena from the debate space and conventional media to the TikTok platform as a visual and emotion-based campaign medium. This study aims to identify the pattern of campaign strategies, political communication styles, and the level of effectiveness of candidate messages in reaching and influencing voters, especially the younger generation, through TikTok. Theoretical framework: The analysis is based on the theories of digital political communication, campaign personalisation, visual populism, and the algorithmic logic of social media as proposed by Tapsell, Kreiss, Gibson, and McAllister, as well as Lim. Literature review: The literature shows that digital campaigns in Indonesia have grown rapidly, but studies that specifically place TikTok as a strategic arena for the formation of political image, emotions, and identities in national elections are still limited. Methods: This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis of the 30 most representative TikTok videos from the official accounts of Prabowo Subianto, Ganjar Pranowo, and Anies Baswedan during the 2024 Election campaign, accompanied by an analysis of engagement metrics as supporting data. Results: The findings show that the three candidates adopted different campaign strategies, but all submitted to the dominance of TikTok's visual-emotional logic, where Prabowo highlighted a virality-based populist-humorist style, Ganjar combined populism with the visualisation of real work, and Anies prioritised moral-intellectual communication that triggered reflective discourse. Implications: These findings confirm that the effectiveness of digital campaigns is multidimensional, involving trade-offs between viral reach and depth of political interaction. Novelty: The novelty of the research lies in the meaning of TikTok as a new political arena that actively reshapes campaign strategies, communication styles, and candidates' relationships with young voters in contemporary Indonesian electoral democracy.

Post-Crisis Women’s Leadership Mediation: An Empirical Study at the University of Lampung

Ina Iriyana, Dian Kagungan, Devi Yulianti, Intan Fitri Meutia — Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study analyzes the mediating mechanism of women's leadership in the transformation of post-crisis higher education governance based on a synthesis of literature and empirical findings from the University of Lampung. Identify the indirect pathways of women's leadership's contribution to institutional outcomes through strengthening organizational performance and institutional innovation. Theoretical Framework: Based on transformational leadership and authentic leadership that place value change, integrity, and the formation of a collective vision as the basis for organizational effectiveness. Literature Review: The literature shows that women's leadership is characterized by collaborative, participatory, and relational leadership that strengthens social cohesion, symbolic legitimacy, and the adaptive capacity of organizations in a post-crisis context. Method: Qualitative research with a systematic literature review and thematic analysis of 45 publications from 2015–2025, combined with reflective interpretation of empirical findings from the University of Lampung as an anchor case. Results: The contribution of women's leadership does not occur directly, but is mediated through three main channels, namely relational (institutional cohesion and trust), structural (organizational performance and institutional innovation), and cultural (value transformation and governance legitimacy). Implications: The findings emphasize the importance of strengthening the capacity of organizational systems based on social relations, leadership distribution, and internalization of integrity values to support the restoration of sustainable institutional legitimacy. Novelty: This study formulates a conceptual model of post-crisis women's leadership based on systemic mediation mechanisms that integrate relational, structural, and cultural dimensions as the foundation for the transformation of public organizational governance.

Unregistered Marriage in Modern Society: Causes and Its Impact on the Rights of Women and Children on Bawean Island

Faiqatul Insiyah, Abdul Halim, Mustaen — Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study examines the practice of unregistered marriage in modern society on Bawean Island and analyzes the causes and impacts on the fulfillment of women's and children's rights from the perspective of Islamic law and national law. The study aims to identify the social, economic, and religious determinants behind unregistered marriage and explain its legal consequences for the protection of women's and children's rights. Theoretical Framework: This study is based on the concept of marriage as a mitsaqan ghalidan, the theory of family legal protection, and the maqashid al-syari'ah approach that positions marriage registration as an instrument of public welfare. Literature Review: Classical fiqh literature and modern Islamic family law indicate a dualism between sharia validity and administrative legality, where the practice of unregistered marriage has implications for the weak protection of civil rights. Methods: The study used a qualitative socio-juridical and phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews, field observations, and studies of legal documents and population administration. Results: The findings indicate that unregistered marriages on Bawean Island are influenced by economic, cultural, labor migration, and low legal literacy factors, and have a direct impact on women's vulnerability in accessing livelihoods, inheritance, and legal protection, as well as the uncertainty of children's civil status. Implications: This study emphasizes the urgency of marriage registration and the optimization of the marriage validation mechanism as a means of restoring family rights. Novelty: The novelty of the study lies in the integrated analysis of Islamic legal norms, positive law, and the local social realities of the Bawean Island community in explaining the causal relationship between unregistered marriage practices and the protection of women's and children's rights.

Prophetic Supplications and Economic Stability: A Ḥadīth-Based Analysis through al-Shāṭibī’s Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah Framework

Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to analyze the role of duʾāʾ maʾthūr as a spiritual instrument that contributes to economic stability and social well-being through the perspective of ḥadīth and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah al-Syāṭibī theory to understand the normative meaning and purpose of sharia in prayer. Literature review: A literature review examines the concept of duʾāʾ maʾthūr, al-Syāṭibī's thought, and Islamic economic ethics that emphasize character formation and social responsibility. Methods: This research is qualitative with the library research method, using secondary data that are analyzed descriptively and deductively. Results: The results of the study show that duʾāʾ maʾthūr has strategic significance in building holistic economic stability. From the perspective of the ḥadīth, the prayer emphasizes the interconnectedness of the spiritual, moral, psychological, and social dimensions, including the plea for protection from poverty, deprivation, and humiliation. From the perspective of al-Syāṭibī, the prayer functions as a normative wasāʾil that harmonizes human efforts with tawakkul, directs the search for sustenance to the halal aspect, and strengthens individual responsibility in the management of wealth. Thus, prayer plays a role as a preventive instrument against economic damage and social dependence. Implications: Prayer is understood as a preventive and transformative instrument in building an ethical, stable, and sustainable economy. Novelty: The novelty of the research lies in the integration of CDA and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in positioning prayer as an economic normative instrument, rather than simply a spiritual practice.

From Al-Azlam to Digital Gambling: Ibn Kathir’s Interpretation of Qur’an 5:90 and Pseudo-Random Number Generators

Barrel Putra Indra Wijaya, Ainur Rha'in, Muzafaru Ssali — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to analyze the transformation of gambling practices from conventional forms to digital gambling. The focus is on comparing the practices of Al-Azlam in QS. Al-Maidah verse 90 with the Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) mechanism. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework uses the perspective of Islamic theology and law through the concept of qiyas. Ibn Kathir's interpretation of Al-Azlam is used as a basis for comparison with the PRNG mechanism in digital gambling. Literature review: The literature review includes classical interpretations of Al-Azlam's practices as well as technical literature on PRNG and the Return to Player (RTP) system. This literature is used to explain the theological and technical aspects of digital gambling. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with the type of library research approach. The analysis was carried out comparatively using the qiyas approach. Results: The results of the study show that PRNG is a modern form of Al-Azlam practice. The difference is only in the media, from arrows to digital algorithms. However, both have something in common with 'illat, which is to rely on speculative mechanisms without rational causes. Implications: These findings show that digital gambling has the same substance as gambling, which is forbidden in Islam. This practice has the potential to damage the value of monotheism and human rationality. Novelty: The novelty of the research lies in the integration of the study of Qur'an interpretation with the technological analysis of digital algorithms. This research relates the concept of Al-Azlam to the PRNG mechanism in modern gambling.

Maqashid Sharia Analysis of Muhammadiyah’s Fund Withdrawal from Bank Syariah Indonesia: Toward Achieving the SDGs

Nadhif Rais Al-Mufti, Muthoifin, Kiran Nawaz — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: The primary objective is to assess whether the institutional financial practices of BSI align with the ethical, social, developmental, and sustainability goals emphasized by Muhammadiyah, particularly in empowering micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), promoting inclusive economic growth, and advancing the collective welfare of the ummah in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Theoretical framework: This framework allows for a dynamic and integrative analysis of Islamic legal and economic reasoning within modern institutional and macroeconomic structures, aligning with global development paradigms like the SDGs. Literature review: The literature review addresses three interrelated domains: (1) the evolving relationship between Islamic organizations and financial institutions, (2) the development of contemporary Maqashid Syariah frameworks, and (3) the role of institutional trust and ethical alignment in Islamic finance. Methods: This research adopts a qualitative-descriptive method using library research as the primary approach. Data was collected from academic literature, official documents, media reports, and primary sources from Muhammadiyah and BSI. Results: Findings indicate that Muhammadiyah’s withdrawal was driven by dissatisfaction with BSI’s prioritization of corporate-scale financing over inclusive support for MSMEs. Although the financial loss to BSI was relatively small (about 4.4% of third-party funds), the symbolic impact was substantial, signaling a critical shift in institutional alignment and ethical accountability. The move reflects Muhammadiyah’s commitment to financial justice, economic inclusivity, and alignment with SDG-related objectives. Implications: The study's implications are twofold: (1) for Islamic financial governance, it calls for deeper alignment with maqashid-oriented principles that support SDG implementation; and (2) for Islamic civil society actors, it emphasizes the importance of principled fund management that advances justice, development, and trust in financial ecosystems. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the application of Jasser Auda’s systems theory of Maqashid Syariah not to product evaluation, but to institutional decision-making and inter-organizational dynamics—a critical yet underexplored dimension of Islamic economic thought with direct relevance to sustainable development discourses.

An Islamic Legal Analysis of Cryptocurrency Exchange into Fiat Money: A Qiyās-Based Study across the Four Madhhabs

Masithoh Masithoh, Rosiana Kholifah, Hanip Hidayatulloh — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to analyze the exchange of cryptocurrency for fiat money through the application of qiyas (analogical reasoning) within the perspectives of the four Islamic schools of jurisprudence, focusing on cryptocurrency's compliance with Sharia economic principles. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework centers on Islamic legal concepts, specifically the principles of justice, honesty, and the prohibition of riba (usury), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and maisir (gambling). It examines how cryptocurrency aligns with these principles across the four major Islamic jurisprudential schools. Literature review: The literature review explores classical and contemporary scholarly works on qiyas methodologies and their application to digital currency transactions. It covers both Islamic jurisprudence regarding money and modern discussions on cryptocurrency's role in global finance and economics. Methods: A descriptive qualitative methodology with a literature review approach is employed to analyze the academic debates surrounding cryptocurrency. The study examines various scholarly sources discussing the application of qiyas to cryptocurrency transactions. Results: The study concludes that cryptocurrency is impermissible (haram) in Islamic law due to its failure to meet the essential characteristics of money as defined within the four Islamic jurisprudential schools. It also highlights how cryptocurrency contradicts key Sharia economic principles. Implications: The findings provide insight into the broader discourse on the permissibility of cryptocurrency in Islamic finance and offer a basis for future research and discussions on the integration of digital currencies within Sharia-compliant financial systems. Novelty: This study contributes to the academic debate by applying qiyas to the analysis of cryptocurrency, an emerging area within Islamic finance, and provides a clear verdict on its non-compliance with Sharia law.

Islam and Gender Consciousness: Analysis and Application in Contemporary Society

Zulpandri, Ronaldi, Rusydi, AM, Sri Wahyuni — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This article aims to analyze the concept of gender consciousness from an Islamic perspective and its relevance in contemporary society. This study focuses on the principles of justice, spiritual equality, and complementary gender roles. The ultimate goal is to formulate a moderate, contextual, and applicable framework for Islamic gender consciousness. Theoretical framework: This research uses the framework of Islamic justice and spiritual equality. The analysis is supported by maqashid al shariah and the thought of contemporary scholars. This framework emphasizes the balance of gender rights and responsibilities. Literature review: Previous studies have shown diverse views on Islam and gender. Gender inequality is often associated with patriarchal culture and interpretations. However, contextual synthesis studies are still limited. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies. Data are obtained from the Quran, Hadith, and the latest academic literature. The analysis is carried out through content and thematic analysis. Results: The results of the study show that Islamic gender awareness is based on proportional justice, not absolute equality. Gender inequality in social practice is more influenced by cultural factors and ahistorical interpretations. Moderate Islamic gender awareness has proven to be relevant for maintaining social balance and harmony in society. Implications: These findings have implications for strengthening education and gender-fair policies. Islamic gender awareness can prevent discrimination and extremism. This approach supports social harmony. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the synthesis of Islamic values and modern gender issues. This article offers a moderate Islamic gender awareness concept. This approach is both applicable and contextual.

Religious Freedom of Minorities in Muslim Countries: The Principle of La Ikraha fī al-Din as a Constitutional Basis

Refinal, Ismaiza Busti, Rusydi. AM, Sri Wahyuni — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: The principle of "Lā ikrāha fī al-dīn" as the constitutional basis of religious freedom of minorities in Muslim-majority countries. The study is directed at the alignment of Islamic normative values with modern constitutionalism. This formulation is aimed at strengthening the guarantee of equal and non-discriminatory religious freedom. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of the research integrates normative Islamic theology, maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, human rights theory, and modern constitutionalism. The principle of "Lā ikrāha fī al-dīn" is positioned as the basic norm of religious freedom. This framework is a tool for analyzing the relationship between Islamic values and constitutional law. Literature review: Previous studies of religious freedom in Islam have generally been theological and historical. Constitutional studies emphasize the perspective of universal human rights and are rarely associated with Qur'anic principles. The dominance of classical fiqh heritage still limits the recognition of citizenship equality. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with normative and conceptual legal approaches. The techniques used include thematic interpretation of the Qur'an, philosophical-legal analysis, and comparative constitutional studies. The data was analyzed interpretively and argumentatively. Results: The analysis shows that the principle of "Lā ikrāha fī al-dīn" is in line with international standards of religious freedom. This principle has the potential to become a constitutional norm limiting the coercive power of the state. The main obstacle is the interpretation of classical jurisprudence and the ambivalent formulation of the constitution. Implications: Theoretically, this article strengthens the development of equality-based constitutional Islamic law. In practical terms, these findings are relevant for the formulation of inclusive constitutional policies and clauses. The principle of non-coercion can increase the protection of the rights of religious minorities. Novelty: The novelty of the research lies in the placement of "Lā ikrāha fī al-dīn" as an operational constitutional norm. This article integrates Islamic theology, maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, and modern constitutionalism. This approach goes beyond tolerance towards the recognition of citizenship equality.

Multicultural Education in Indonesia: Meaning, Implications, and Context-Based Development Strategies

Zawil Huda — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to examine the meaning and implications of multicultural education in Indonesia and to formulate context-based development strategies that are compatible with the nation’s unique socio-cultural, religious, and ideological characteristics. Indonesia’s extreme diversity, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, and religious, makes multicultural education not merely an option but a structural necessity for sustaining social cohesion and national integrity. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this research integrates modern multicultural education theory, particularly James A. Banks’ five dimensions of multicultural education, with Islamic normative values such as ta‘āruf (mutual recognition), tasāmuḥ (tolerance), ‘adl (justice), and ukhuwah insāniyyah (human fraternity). This integrative framework positions Islam as a source of inclusive social ethics rather than an exclusive identity. Literature review: The literature review reveals that existing studies largely treat multicultural education either from a secular pedagogical perspective or from a normative religious approach, often without sufficient contextual adaptation to Indonesia’s plural yet Muslim-majority setting. This study addresses that gap by synthesizing multicultural theory, Islamic theology, and Indonesian socio-political realities. Methods: The research employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical design based on library research, analyzing academic literature, policy documents, national regulations, empirical reports, and Islamic primary sources. Data were examined using interactive analysis involving data reduction, thematic categorization, interpretation, and triangulation of sources and theories. Results: The findings demonstrate that multicultural education in Indonesia must be understood as a transformative educational process rather than mere tolerance instruction. Effective implementation requires integration across curricular, pedagogical, institutional, and digital dimensions. The study proposes context-based development models, including localized curricula, multicultural teacher training, inclusive school cultures, and digital literacy strategies to counter identity-based intolerance. Implications: The implications of this research are both theoretical and practical. Theoretically, it enriches Islamic education scholarship by demonstrating that multiculturalism is deeply rooted in Islamic theology. Practically, it offers policy-relevant recommendations for curriculum design, teacher education, and institutional governance. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its integrative and contextualized model that bridges universal multicultural values, Islamic ethical principles, and Indonesia’s national ideology, positioning multicultural education as a strategic instrument for social justice, national unity, and sustainable peace.

The Dimensions of Multicultural Education and Character Education in Forming Students Who Think Critically and Tolerantly

Yondrizal, Rismalaini, Julhadi — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This article aims to analyze the dimensions of multicultural education and character education as well as the integrative contribution of both in forming critically thinking and tolerant students. The study focuses on the role of education in responding to the challenges of diversity in multicultural societies. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this research rests on the theory of multicultural education and character education. Multicultural education emphasizes recognition of diversity and social justice, while character education focuses on internalizing moral values. The integration of the two is the basis for the formation of critical thinking and student tolerance. Literature review: The literature shows that multicultural education contributes to the strengthening of attitudes of tolerance, while character education shapes moral values and social behavior. However, studies that integrate both approaches in shaping critical thinking and tolerance are still limited. This is the basis for the development of this study. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. Data was obtained from books, national and international journals, and education policy documents. Data analysis is carried out through content analysis to examine and synthesize relevant concepts. Results: The results of the study show that multicultural education fosters students' critical awareness through an understanding of diversity and social justice. Character education reinforces the values of tolerance, empathy, and moral responsibility. The integration of the two forms of holistic learning. Implications: The findings of this study make a theoretical contribution to the development of the study of multicultural and character education. Practically, the results of the research can be a reference for educators in designing learning that fosters critical thinking and student tolerance. Novelty: The novelty of this article lies in the integration of multicultural education and character education in a single conceptual framework. This study places critical thinking and tolerance as simultaneous outcomes of holistic education in the context of a multicultural society.

Analysis of Women's Rights in Islam: Education and Gender Equality Perspective

Yondrizal, Rusydi. AM, Sri Wahyuni, Rismalaini — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to analyze the guarantee of women's rights in Islam with a focus on education and gender equality. This study distinguishes Islamic normative teachings from social practices influenced by patriarchal culture. The goal is to build a contextual understanding that is gender-correct. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework rests on the principles of justice ('adl) and benefit (maṣlaḥah) in Islam. Gender equality is understood as equality of dignity and responsibility, not absolute equal roles. Education is positioned as an instrument of social justice. Literature review: women's studies in Islam are dominated by normative-theological approaches and patriarchal critiques. However, the integration of Islamic education and gender equality is still limited. This research fills the gap integratively and contextually. Methods: The research uses qualitative methods with descriptive-analytical and normative-conceptual approaches. Data was obtained through literature studies from the Qur'an, Hadith, tafsir, and scientific articles. The analysis was carried out thematically. Results: The results of the study affirm that Islam guarantees women's rights, including education and social roles, without discrimination. The inequality that occurs stems from biased interpretations and patriarchal culture. Gender equality is based on justice and benefits. Implications: The findings underscore the urgency of Islamic education from a gender justice perspective. Practically, these results are relevant for the development of an inclusive Islamic curriculum and discourse. Theoretically, this study enriches the study of Islam and gender. Novelty: The novelty of research lies in the contextual integration of women's rights, education, and gender equality. This study affirms Islamic normativity while criticizing distorted social practices. This framework offers an applicable understanding.

Revisiting Human Rights in Islamic Thought: Normative Principles and Their Implementation in Contemporary Contexts

Edy Juarminson, Zawil Huda, Rusydi. AM, Sri Wahyuni — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Human Rights (HAM) is a fundamental issue in the global discourse that is closely related to respect for human dignity. In the Islamic tradition, the concept of human rights is not a new idea, but has been rooted theologically and philosophically in the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah. This research aims to analyze the concept of human rights in Islam, examine its epistemological differences with secular human rights paradigms, and evaluate its relevance and application in the context of contemporary society characterized by democracy, pluralism, and the demand for socio-economic justice. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this research rests on the principles of monotheism, justice ('adl), and amanah as the foundation of Islamic human rights ethics, which is analyzed through the approach of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah as a contextual interpretive instrument. Literature review: A literature review shows that Islamic human rights studies have tended to be normative-textual or limited to comparison with Western human rights, thus emphasizing less emphasis on the applicative and transformational dimensions in modern life. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach, by analyzing Islamic normative sources, contemporary Islamic thought, and modern human rights discourse critically and thematically. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically to find conceptual patterns and the practical relevance of Islamic human rights. Results: The results of the study show that human rights in Islam are theocentric, placing Allah as the source of legitimacy of rights, while at the same time emphasizing the balance between human rights and obligations. Implications: The application of Islamic human rights in contemporary society requires the reinterpretation of religious texts based on maqāṣid al-syarī'ah to be in line with the values of justice, religious freedom, gender equality, socio-economic rights, and environmental protection. Novelty: this research lies in the affirmation of Islamic human rights as an adaptive and comprehensive ethical-religious framework, not just an alternative to Western human rights. The implications of this research are theoretical and practical, namely, strengthening Islam's position in the global human rights discourse and providing a normative foundation for the development of public policies, education, and social practices oriented towards contextually respecting human dignity.