Demak Universal Journal of Islam and Sharia

Islamic Political Ethics as a Framework for National Security and Good Governance in Contemporary States

2026-07-24T07:54:52+07:00

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between Islamic political ethics, national security, and good governance based on the Qur'an, Sunnah, and the thought of scholars, as a normative framework to answer the challenges of modern governance. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is based on the principles of Tawḥīd, Risālah, and Khilāfah, which are realized through justice, deliberation, accountability, rule of law, benefit, and ethical leadership as the foundation of governance. Literature review: A literature review integrates literature on Islamic political ethics, good governance, and national security from primary Islamic sources as well as classical and contemporary scholarly works to explain the relevance of Islamic values in modern governance. Methods: The research uses a qualitative approach with a doctrinal research design through documentary analysis of the Qur'an, Sunnah, and scientific literature on political ethics, governance, and national security. Results: The results show that the principles of Islamic political ethics strengthen institutional legitimacy, transparency, accountability, national security, and sustainable development, while complementing the concept of modern governance. Implications: The integration of Islamic political ethics in the modern system of governance has the potential to improve the quality of governance, strengthen national security, build public trust, and promote sustainable political stability. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the conceptual integration of Islamic political ethics, national security, and good governance in one comprehensive normative framework for contemporary governance.

Cryptocurrency in the Framework of Islamic Finance: Evaluating Halal and Haram Dimensions

2026-08-27T10:05:21+07:00

Objective: The study examines the Sharia status of cryptocurrency by assessing its characteristics, functions, and transaction mechanisms based on fiqh al-muʿāmalāt, particularly its status as māl or thamaniyyah and its potential involvement in ribā, gharar, and maysir. Theoretical framework: The study is grounded in Islamic commercial jurisprudence, focusing on māl, thamaniyyah, ribā, gharar, maysir, and maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah as principles for evaluating cryptocurrency transactions. Literature review: The review discusses cryptocurrency, Islamic finance, contemporary fatwas, and scholarly debates concerning its classification, economic functions, potential benefits, and Sharia-related risks. Methods: The study employs a qualitative doctrinal approach based on Qur’anic principles, Sunnah, classical jurisprudence, contemporary fatwas, and recent academic literature on cryptocurrency and Islamic finance. Results: The analysis finds that cryptocurrency cannot be assigned a uniform halal or haram status solely on the basis of its technological form. Its Sharia status depends on the characteristics of the particular token, its economic function, transaction structure, and manner of use. Cryptocurrency may perform certain functions of money and facilitate lawful exchange, financial inclusion, remittances, and transparent transactions. However, high volatility, speculative trading, uncertain valuation, weak consumer protection, illicit uses, and interest-based products associated with some platforms raise substantial Sharia concerns. The findings therefore support a conditional, case-by-case approach to Sharia assessment. Implications: The findings highlight the need for case-by-case Sharia assessment and responsible governance that considers transparency, utility, transaction mechanisms, consumer protection, and the objectives of Sharia. Novelty: The study introduces a conditional approach to cryptocurrency assessment by shifting the focus from the technology itself toward token design, economic utility, transaction structure, and the presence or absence of prohibited Sharia elements.

Mapping the Development of Halal Awareness Research: A Bibliometric Analysis

2026-06-16T22:06:10+07:00

Objective: The study aims to analyze the development of halal awareness and consumer behavior through a bibliometric approach focusing on halal food and beverage literature in the global research landscape. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is grounded in consumer behavior theory and halal compliance concepts, emphasizing awareness perception and decision-making in Muslim consumption contexts. Literature review: The literature review highlights increasing scholarly attention on halal awareness driven by globalization, a rising Muslim population, and demand for ethically compliant products across sectors. Methods: This study employs a bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database comprising 243 documents and utilizes VOSviewer software to map research networks, co-authorship patterns, and thematic trends. Results: The results reveal significant growth in publications, influential authors leading journals, and dominant research clusters focusing on halal consumer behavior certification and awareness trends across countries. Keywords: consumer behavior, halal awareness, bibliometric analysis. Furthermore, the analysis identifies research gaps in underexplored regions and interdisciplinary collaborations, suggesting opportunities for future studies integrating digital transformation and halal industry innovation. In addition, citation analysis shows that certain authors and journals dominate the intellectual structure of halal awareness research, indicating consolidation of knowledge within specific academic communities. The study also demonstrates increasing collaboration networks among international researchers, reflecting the global nature of halal consumption studies. These patterns indicate the growing interdisciplinarity of halal research combining economics, marketing, and religious studies. Overall, this bibliometric mapping contributes to a deeper understanding of the evolution of halal awareness scholarship worldwide, providing a structured reference for future halal awareness research development strategies and policy formulation processes improvement. Implications: The findings imply that halal awareness research provides valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and academics in strengthening halal ecosystem development and consumer trust. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive mapping of bibliometric indicators combined with trend forecasting and identification of emerging topics in halal awareness research.